关键词: 弗雷格难题, 存在图逻辑, 模态逻辑

Abstract: The solutions to Frege’s puzzle basically follow a line of thought: either in some way or by introducing certain terms to explain the difference between A=A and A=B in cognitive value. From the existential graphs with tinctures to see Frege’s problem solving ideas, first of all, we should stand in the position of anti-semantics and regard lines of identity of existential graphs as proper names similar to Kripke’s, that is, lines of identity have no meaning. Secondly, by borrowing the concept of “appearing” introduced by Fine’s theory, it is stipulated that the symbolic connection is appearing and each appearing is named. Thirdly, tinctures are used as the modal operators. Finally, “the Morning Star and Evening Star problem” is taken as an application case to illustrate how the existential graphs with tinctures provide a new perspective for solving Frege’s puzzles.

Key words: Frege’s puzzles, existential graph, modal logic