河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 16-24.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6378.2020.06.003

• 哲学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

“意识”怎么变成“意识形态”——寻找消失的“观念”

廖伟凯   

  1. 华侨大学 哲学与社会发展学院, 福建 厦门 361021
  • 出版日期:2020-12-22 发布日期:2020-12-22
  • 作者简介:廖伟凯(1980—),男,台湾云林人,华侨大学哲学与社会发展学院讲师,北京大学哲学系博士后,主要研究方向:马克思主义意识形态理论。

How “Consciousness” Becomes “Ideology” ——Looking for the Lost “Idea”

LIAO Wei-kai   

  1. School of Philosophy and Social Development, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
  • Online:2020-12-22 Published:2020-12-22

摘要: 以《德意志意识形态》为界,马克思对“意识”(Bewußtsein)的使用与观点,是从将其视为“需经理解与认识”的一种带有“哲学特定意涵”的对象,转变为将其作为“独立”的、与“现实生活”相对应的概念加以阐释。“意识”是人类社会存在的反映,在转变为“意识形态”前,它必须先具体化为“观念”,并以两种模式来演变。一种成了代表上层建筑的“意识形式”,即广义的、具有中立性质的意识形态;另一种则质变为带有负面意涵的意识形态,这系因人类的异化劳动、阶级建构等因素,使它在具体化为观念的过程中,产生了负面意涵。

关键词: 意识, 观念, 意识形式, 意识形态

Abstract: With The German Ideology as the boundary,Marxs use and view of “consciousness” is from regarding it as an object with “philosophical specific meaning” which “needs to be understood and recognized” to interpreting it as an “independent” concept corresponding to “real life”.“Consciousness” is the reflection of the existence of human society.Before it is transformed into “ideology”,it must be embodied into “idea” and evolve into ideology in two modes.One has become a “form of consciousness” representing the superstructure,that is,a broad and neutral ideology;the other has been transformed into an ideology with negative implications,which is due to the alienated labor,class construction and other factors,which have produced negative implications in the process of concreting into ideas.

Key words: consciousness, idea, forms of social consciousness, ideology

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