关键词: 长期护理保障, 多层次体系, 国际经验, 积极老龄化

Abstract: As the global aging process accelerates,building a multi-level long-term care security system has become a core issue for countries to address the risk of disability.Based on the perspective of responsibility sharing,the long-term care security system in foreign countries is divided into three categories:low,medium,and high personal responsibility.An analytical framework is constructed from four dimensions:legal system,security projects,funding sources,and service system.Typical countries such as the Netherlands,Germany,and Japan are selected for case comparison.Research finds that laws and regulations are the top-level guarantee for institutional sustainability,ensuring that the accuracy of projects determines the scope of service coverage,diversified financing models support operational stability,and the synergy between service providers and types directly affects service accessibility.In the context of actively responding to the aging population,suggestions for improving Chinas multi-level long-term care security system are proposed:improving laws,regulations,and policy support,and systematically planning a multi-level long-term care guarantee system;strengthening the construction of nursing guarantee system and enriching multi-level long-term nursing guarantee projects;exploring multi-channel and sustainable financing models to expand multi-level long-term care funding sources;establishing a collaborative system and building a multi-dimensional and multi-level long-term care service system.

Key words: long-term care security, multi-level system, international experience, active aging