Abstract: Looking at the overall development of society,and in the face of various public health problems,people of all nationalities in ancient China went through a process from passivity to initiative.The Song Dynasty was in an important period of transformation in this process.Starting from various archaeological materials,this paper reveals various measures taken by the government and the people of the Song Dynasty from the aspects of political system,eating habits,funeral customs and the construction of living environment,so as to effectively deal with various social public health problems,which also has certain enlightenments to the present society.

Key words: the Song Dynasty:public health:epidemic disease