关键词: 文化传播, 西学, 西学传播

Abstract: After the Opium War in 1840, Chinese people were forced to take the initiative to learn advanced western sciences, technologies and cultures. Western learning has changed from a fragmented and slow way of introduction into a wide and rapid invasion of aggressive cultural colonialism. The dissemination of Western learning in modern China has undergone a process of change from superficial utensil culture, middle system culture to deep spiritual consciousness culture. The ideological proposition of “learning advanced technologies from foreigners to defend the invasion” and the social transformation movements such as “Westernization Movement”, “Reform Movement of 1898”, “New Deal of the Late Qing Dynasty”, “Revolution of 1911” and “New Cultural Movement” have become the starting point and turning point in the process of spreading Western learning.

Key words: cultural transmission, Western learning, dissemination of Western learning