关键词: 农业文化遗产, 物—符号—制度, 双轨制认证, 物质性约束, 中华土鸡

Abstract: To address the challenges of genetic loss and symbolic deconstruction in the conservation of agricultural cultural heritage,this study constructs a three-dimensional analytical framework of “object-symbol-institution” and validates it with Chinese native chickens as a case study.The analysis reveals that the biological characteristics(object)shaped by agricultural ecosystems are endowed with cultural values to form symbolic capital(symbol),which is ultimately solidified into field rules(institution).Due to the differences in their evolution rates—slow change in biological characteristics,moderate change in symbolic meanings,and rapid change in institutional rules—these three dimensions become unbalanced and disconnected under the impact of industrialization,leading to genetic loss,symbolic distortion,and institutional failure.The study proposes a dual-track conservation model of “genetic testing + cultural certification”, which is practically manifested as “local chronicles authority + blockchain traceability”. This model relies on national-level breed conservation projects to lock in core genetic markers,activates symbolic capital through the verification of local chronicles texts,and realizes the coordinated conservation of technology and culture through a government-society collaborative mechanism.It provides a new pathway for global heritage governance.

Key words: agricultural cultural heritage, object-symbol-institution, dual-track certification, material constraints, chinese native chickens