Abstract: Under the influence of both natural and social factors,the cotton planting has made considerable progress,but this kind of development was slow and limited in Baiyangdian area in the Republic of China.At the same time,the cotton textile industry has been widely popularized,and has changed from traditional to modern.New machines have been popularized and used,accompanied by the establishment of cotton textile factories.The comprehensive role of cotton planting and cotton textile industry promoted the rise and development of professional cotton markets.Coupled with convenient waterway transportation,the function of material distribution in some market towns was becoming increasingly prominent.The integration of this process was not only the historical aspect of the development of market in Baiyangdian area,but also a side of the transformation of rural economy from tradition to modernity.

Key words: cotton industry, rural market, rural economy, Baiyangdian