Abstract: China’s Silk Road connects the Western Regions and has been flourished and abolished for several times. Although it was restored in the Northern Song Dynasty, it withdrew from the stage of history because of many barriers with the rise of the Western Xia, Jin and Western Liao empires. The foreign trade of China in Central Plains also shifted from land to ocean. Gold and silver, originally flowing into Central Asian countries, turned to Southeast Asia, and the currency and finance of Central Asia suffered a lot. After the Mongolian ruled the Silk Road area, business routes resumed. At this time, the circulation of gold and silver between the Yuan Dynasty and the four Khanates was mainly embodied in the three aspects of government reward, mediation of merchants’ gold and silver exchanges and the circulation of folk commerce, and formed the characteristics of gold and silver outflow under the actions of the Yuan Dynasty government and the inflow of folk commercial activities. The gold and silver currencies in Central Asia have thus been supplemented, restoring the traditional pattern of financial complementarity among the early “Silk Road Economic Belt” countries.

Key words: Song and Yuan Dynasty, Silk Road, Economic Belt, gold and silver, financial complementarity