Abstract: During the period of 1949—1978,the climate of Baiyangdian area changed from rainy to dry from 1965,and human activities superimposed on it aggravated the change of water environment.The interaction between people and water can be divided into three stages:during the period of 1949-1957,the socialist collective forces were recognized by people in the fight against disasters and self-rescue,and the relationship between people and water broke out of the shackles of traditional concepts;from 1958 to 1965,the advantages of the socialist system were further brought into play in the “63.8” flood,but the Great Leap Forward also caused a qualitative change in the water environment of the Lake area;from 1966 to 1978,due to industrial pollution and continuous dry deposition,the human-water relationship began to be explored how to transform to industrialization.In short,under the guidance of Marxist geography theory,learning from the theory and practice of the Soviet Union,combining with the workers and farmers,and through the working method of “practice-theory-practice”,we explored and built a socialist model of human-water interaction.Sports style and the eagerness for success are the biggest shortcomings of the period.

Key words: socialist revolution and construction period, Baiyangdian area, the human-water relationship