“RUGE”plays an important role in the ceromonies of visiting the majestic emperors, the political participation and policymaking in ancient China,it cannot be neglected in the field of studying institutional history. However, not only are there disagreements in the historical documents concerning the origin of “RUGE”, the changes in the royal visiting and the policymaking rules,but also there exist differences in the study fields.This paper attempts to tidy the developing process of “RUGE”from the verbal phrases of “inviting guests into the gate”，“entering the inner court”to its fanction as technical term for decress and regulations such as“RUGE”,“political participation and policy making of ‘RUGE’”and court ceremonies of “RUGE”.It also invesigates the change of the connotation in the two terms. Political participation and policymaking of “RUGE” originated from the Zhenguan Period in the Tang Dynasty and evolved from Zichen RUGE to Yanying RUGE and so on;court ceremonies of“RUGE” originated from the Tang Xuanzong period as an expediency for performing the Court ceremonies in the inner court instead of the main hall due to the rule of limiting court ceremonies on the 1st and 15th of each month, which was developed into frequent court ceremonies in the inner courts and experienced a great change at the end of the Tang Dynasty, when the ceremonial rules changed greatly and the casual ceremonies conducted in the inner courts were transformed into formal ceremonies in the main hall and became a special RUGE ceremony in Song Dynasty, a grand ceremony conducted in the main hall on the First and Fifteenth day of each month.Confusions in the referential records and relevant studies with RUGE on the 1st and 15th day, casual RUGE, cereomonial RUGE and political participation and policymaking of RUGE are also identified and corrected.

Archer Club originated in the governing period of emperor SongZhenzong in the Song Liao border region—Hebei Road. In Qingli periods,Archer club had been developed to a certain scale，under the advocacy of some persons of insight people like Hanqi and Pangji，it was gradually put under the country's control by Song Ting. In Shenzong period，the development of Archer Club was impacted by Bao jia system. in the late period of North Song，the scale ofArcher Club was expanded，but the management was a mess，and the fighting ability was not as good as before. In the early period of North Song Dynasty，Archer Club gradually stepped down the stage of history as Hebei Road fell into the enemy's hands. Overall，the scale of Archer Club was expanded and the geographical distribution was widened all the time in North Song period. In order to strengthen the control of Archer Club，Song Ting formulated a series of daily management system，which took some positive effect. But the country control also affected the source club members and the organizational structure. The recruiting principle had experienced“voluntary to join government recruiting forced into”. The former single organization structure also turned to be multiple. Being voluntarily founded by people，and then “fighting side by side” with the government，and ultimately becoming the “ears, eyes and elbows” of the government，the Archer Club had taken great effect in guarding against Liao Dynasty and defending the homeland in North Song period.

It was a critical period that the chemistry discipline of universities in the United States changed its backward status and rose rapidly around the World War II. Through this period, many large scale comprehensive laboratories were established, the academic field was broadened, and numbers of pioneering achievements sprung up. Within twenty years, Germany's position as the center of chemistry discipline had been replaced by the United States. In the process, the intellectual refugees of Germany played an unprecedented role, as did social support and academic leaders. Only by examining the affecting factors of the speedy development of chemistry discipline in America, can we better facilitate the practice of building up top universities and first class disciplines under way.

According to Kuhn’s paradigm theory, this paper examines the paradigm of traditional history, social history and new cultural history in the research of American curriculum history in 20th Century. Different paradigms can not substitute. each other. The internal factor of promoting the shifting of paradigm is the change of curriculum connotation and the development of curriculum theory during different periods. The paradigm shift reflects the continuously enhanced theoretical consciousness and openness in the study of American curriculum history.

During World War II, numerous excellent intellectuals fled from Nazi Germany to different countries, due to the Cultural Cleansing Movement launched by Nazi regime, which expelled many scholars out of German universities. Eventually, hundreds of them immigrated to the United States and were accepted by American universities. Benefiting from the superior academic environment of American universities, these refugee scholars adjusted well to American society and then started their fruitful careers in different fields. As a result, the German intellectuals contributed a lot to the prosperity of physics, chemistry, mathematics, economics, sociology, psychology and many other disciplines in American universities and played an important role in the American universities growing up to the world academic center.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the ideological and political conference of colleges and universities in the whole country that "we should make use of new media and new technology to make ideological and political work of colleges and universities live up". As a fresh power of new media, Wechat has penetrated into contemporary college students' study and life, changing the way of life and thinking mode of college students profoundly, and influence their value orientation. Basing on the combination of theoretical and empirical research methods, through the survey of 917 college students, teachers of Ideological and political theory courses and counselors in colleges and universities in 27 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities),this paper puts forward the method of using Wechat as carrier to enhance the effectiveness and affinity of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.

In the national ideological and political work conference, Xi Jinping,the general secretary stressed that "To do ideological and political work well in colleges and universities, we need to act according to things,time,and situation". Under the new situation that the Party Central Committee vigorously promoted the anti corruption and the clean political ecology, integrating clean and honest culture into the ideological and political education is an inevitable requirement of the development of the times, but there is still a lack of understanding of the way, the innovation of method is not enough, the degree of specialization of Ideological and political educators is not high. To integrate the clean and honest culture into the ideological and political education scientifically, first, we must coordinate the content and integrate orderly; second, innovate the carriers, make multi channel integration; third, innovate approaches, make pragmatic integration; fourth, innovate institutional mechanisms to ensure integration. Take multiple Measures to ensure effectiveness.

White Deer Plain shows ambiguity in the value position about the land revolution. The ambiguity is a reflection of the doublethink of Chen Zhongshi .This work doesn’t give prominent description of the big landlords and the exploitation of land rent, but the landlords exploited employees, which is consistent with the Guanzhong pattern of historical facts. But the lack of exploitation of usury afford much food for reflection.It describes the relationship between landlords and peasants,and the landlords' family enriching history to deconstruct the processing to make the landlords bully and rogue image by model of land revolution narration,but objectively writes the importance of power for landlords 'family statues and wealth ,and recognize the existence of village bully.White Deer Plain has the certain bitonality, but it is not a polyphonic novel in the true sense .

Macao is a successful epitome of the Chinese “One Country, Two Systems” Policy. The popularization of Putonghua in Macao exert great influence upon the making and implementation in of language policy China. Given the leading role that government officials play in the Macao social development, and out of political, economic and cultural consideration, it is of much importance to conduct an comprehensive and detailed investigation upon the language needs and Putonghua use of Macao government officials. This investigation has generally explored Macao government officials’ language competence and their attitude towards Mandarin study. Meanwhile, this paper also points out the major problems remained in the current Putonghua of Putonghua usage in Macao, and makes corresponding suggestions for improvement. The results of this investigation are expected to shed light upon the stipulation of Mandarin study policy and the social as well as cultural development in Macao.

During guiding the international proletarian revolutionary movement, Marx and Engels founded Marxism doctrine of the proletarian revolution. In their large number of published works, there are a series of relevant anti corruption thoughts, such as rooting out corruption, building social public servants, constructing cheap government and democratic institutions. Their thoughts are of very important theoretical value and practical significance for proletarian ruling party and state to carry out the construction of a clean honest government and the struggle against corruption.

So called university of socialism with Chinese characteristics is to adhere to the guidance of Sinicized Marxism, adhere to the socialist educational orientation and the tenet of serving the people. The educational philosophy of university of socialism with Chinese characteristics is utilizing the Marxism practical materialism and dialectics thoughts successfully in the development of higher education. Accomplish the university of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the characteristics of the Chinese nation culture can be created, the true Renaissance of the Chinese nation can be achieved, the national subjectivity and national cultural self confidence can be maintained in the process of cultural modernization, and Chinese nation will make due contributions to human civilization and progress.

Online dispute resolution began in e commerce, its source was aimed at “the online dispute be resolved online”. With the use of Internet technology in the field of justice, online network platform become the important carrier of judicial publicity, and the court informatization continually upgrade, network technology in the "online" dispute turn from the program to substance assist. At present, the electronic commerce and online dispute resolution dominated by the justice is in parallel development situation. Taking Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei online dispute resolution practice as an example, the information technology of online dispute resolution in district court has reached a higher level but lack of regional collaboration, we need build regional shared platform of online dispute resolution through cross border thinking, straighten out the relationship between online dispute resolution and the multiplex dispute resolution through connected thinking and promote the intelligent upgrade of online dispute resolution through innovative thinking, gradually achieve the transition from “paper flow, logistics” of traditional court to “data flow, communication flow” of wisdom court.

The cross regional environmental disputes in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei are caused by a variety of reasons and differ in explicit and implicit types. Currently, the legal resolution supply is only limited to some explicit disputes and also has many defects, whereas the institutionalized cross regional interests coordinating mechanism for resolving the implicit disputes is still missing. In the background of implementing Beijing Tianjin Hebei collaborative development strategy, basing on the actual situations of the three administrative areas as well as the current law framework, the powerful measures should be taken to perfect the legal resolution mechanisms focusing on the explicit disputes in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and meanwhile an institutionalized cross regional interests coordinating system should be established to provide assurances for resolving those cross regional implicit environmental disputes.

The behaviors of insurance fraud raise insurance threshold, affect the solvency of insurance company, having a profound negative impact on the healthy development of insurance industry. The causes of insurance fraud focus on the benefit, cost of law and probability of accountability, the paper has analyzed the insurance fraud of the policy holder in the viewpoint of law and economics, studied the main anti fraud provisions of the insurance law, considered that we should make clear provisions of insurance fraud, revise the questions of distorted law cost, incentive deviation, the low probability of law enforcement, to provide suggestions and countermeasures for our anti fraud legislation of insurance.

Soybean is the raw material of soybean oil. Does the change of soybean futures prices affect the change of soybean oil futures prices or vise versa? In this paper, a case study is given to analyze the construction of VAR model with the closing price of yellow bean No.1 and soybean oil in Dalian Commodity Exchange from Jan. 9th, 2006 to Aug. 4th, 2016. Through Granger causality test, variance decomposition analysis and impulse response functions, it indicates that the effects of the change of soybean oil futures prices on the change of soybean futures price are not obvious, while the change of soybean futures prices has obvious influences and high contribution on the change of soybean oil futures prices.

Under the influence of Internet thinking, the hierarchical organizational structure and functional management mode based on the principle of division of labor are facing great challenges.Business process re engineering driven by the Internet promotes the organizational structure transformation.In that case a networking and intelligent organization which is more in line with the needs of the times will be produced.It is called platform organization.Platform organization has an open organizational structure without boundaries, through the deep combination with values to aggregate individual decentralizedgoals, the organizational actors can restraint and control themselves.Platform organization will not only help to improve the efficiency of resource allocation and organization efficiency in the Internet age, but also helps to activate the individual vitality depressed by traditional hierarchical organizations, and expands the free space and entrepreneurial spirit of employees in the organization.

Targeted poverty alleviation by tourism is one of the effective ways to eliminate the poverty in Yanshan Taihang Mountain concentrated extremely poor continuous areas, which has been determined commonly due to the special geographic features and characteristics of times. The targeted poverty alleviation by tourism in Yan Tai areas should be implemented with a “Targeted Trinity Poverty Alleviation by Tourism ”. This development pattern is originated from a perspective of process consisted of targeted reorganization, targeted alleviation and targeted management, based on the concrete situation and following the development rule of targeted poverty alleviation by tourism. However, there are many current challenges which this development pattern has to face during implementations, mainly including the financial inefficiency, bigger imbalance of performance, the weak motivation from the poor, the contradictory benefits sharing, and the reckless development of rural tourism. Basing on the severe situation, Yan Tai areas cannot effectively realize the “Targeted Trinity Poverty Alleviation by Tourism ” unless some necessary countermeasures are carried on effectively: (1) enhancing the development motivation to targeted poverty alleviation by tourism; (2) strengthening the targeted management of poverty alleviation by tourism; (3) improving the development surroundings of targeted poverty alleviation by tourism; (4) improving the accuracy of the targeted poverty recognition and poverty alleviation.

The Taihang mountain region is China's key cluster of poverty stricken areas that connect with each other geographically, with laggard economy and severe poverty situation in the region. To carry out poverty relief smoothly in the region, it's needed to introduce the financial industry into the relief efforts, so as to take advantage of the financial industry and promote targeted accurate poverty relief efforts. The article explores a range of problems and predicaments the Taihang mountain region is facing in the process of implementing accurate financial poverty relief, and puts forward solutions, in an attempt to accelerate improvement of the poverty situation in the region.

Vietnam’s publishing institutions has made great efforts to implement various political tasks for many years, and improved the publications’ quality gradually in order to meet the readers’ need better. However, there are still some problems in Vietnam’s publishing activities in recent years. The three tasks of modernization, specialization and socialization have not yet been implemented effectively. The basic reason is that the publishing staff haven’t recognized profoundly the publishing value, function and their own responsibility and professional ethics.

With the rapid development of Internet technology,the information dissemination channels diversified increasingly, the amount of information showed an explosive surge, at the same time, media competition in the context of market economy has also intensified. In this context of media transformation, the confusion of “Urgent Attribution” in news reports has become increasingly prominent and serious. In other words, in order to pursue a deeper level of content with character in the era of market, the media is eager to identify or blame the incident for some reasons without investigation, which is leading to the attribution dislocation because of subjeitive opinion, or even the public opinion bias. Therefore, we need to conduct in depth study of such phenomena to control and avoid them scientifically.

The cultural crisis of urban cemetery need to be considered from the perspective of traditional funeral culture. Since modern times, the public nature of the cemetery had been lost gradually, which had been saved in traditional cemetery. It is a major cultural dilemma faced by modern urban cemetery.The deficiency of public nature has brought about a series of problems like cemetery crisis,and reconstructing the public nature of urban cemetery has become a favorable turn to solve the crisis and reform the funeral industry.Firstly, there must be a series of public services about the cemetery from the government, including the integration of urban and rural cemetery, space planning and public welfare of the cemetery, linking elements of the funeral, and studying on the law of the funeral. Secondly, social organizations must play a vital role in the management and charity activities of urban cemetery, and in the public sacrifice and the normalization of family sacrifice. Finally, on the basis of reconstructing the public nature of urban cemetery, it should be planned that the personal tailor of the urban cemetery should focus on family and wills.

At present,home care service is in practice almost all over our country. Because of the lack of effective qualification evaluation,some old people fail to enjoy the welfare services. Authors apply CEval assessment model and develop evaluation index system for service subsidies qualification on the basis of the health, economic conditions and living conditions of the elderly. We use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Extension comprehensive evaluation methods to analyze the survey data of 281 elderly people in BD city of H province in 2013. The older people are divided into three categories—free, preferential price and full price. The Index System and Research Methods are better than the Subsistence Allowances Method.