The separation of official,post and dispatch is one of the characteristics of the official system in the early Northern Song Dynasty,but at the same time,there is a phenomenon of mutual conversion between the names and reality of some officials,posts and dispatches.Taking Zhongshu Sheren,Taijianguan,Hanlin Shidu(Shijiang)scholar,Zhizhigao,and Shumizhi scholar as examples,this paper analyzes the mutual transformation among some civil servants in the early Northern Song Dynasty,according to the examples of relevant historical materials.

As for the group consensus of Confucianism,before the establishment of a unified society in China,Confucius expressed it as the theory of benevolence.Mencius and Xunzi proved the feasibility and necessity of setting up the theory of benevolence from different angles.After the establishment of a unified society,Dong Zhongshu summarized it as three cardinal principles and five permanent principles,which was recognized by most Chinese people for quite a long time.The Neo Confucianists in Song and Ming Dynasties constructed the Qi-based theory,the Li-based theory and the mind-based theory respectively,proved them from the height of metaphysics,and finally realized the great goal of“governing the country with Confucianism,governing the body with Confucianism and governing the mind with Confucianism”.The Confucian group consensus theory is closely linked with the concept of patriotism and is a valuable resource for the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.

As a world intangible cultural heritage,shadow play in Hebei province has left a brilliant mark in the cultural history of traditional Chinese opera.Rooted in folk art,shadow play in Hebei province draws on folk music,fine arts,opera,dialect,sculpture and other folk cultures to form different aesthetic characteristics of shadow play in eastern Hebei,central Hebei and southern Hebei.The eastern Hebei provinces distinctive dialect combined with the unique“throat singing”has its own characteristics,the central Hebei provinces paper-cutting,martial arts,acrobatics and other folk arts are introduced to enrich the artistic expression of shadow play,and the southern Hebeis local customs,historical and cultural landscape provide diversified materials for shadow play.Moreover,local beliefs inspire shadow play and endows it with such themes as worship,blessing,warning and exhortation,thus making it both entertaining and educational.

Paying attention to Heavenly Principle and emphasizing the notion of the normative principle are important characteristics of Chinese moral culture.The Song and Ming Confucians took heaven as the foundation and explained the rationality of moral value through the conception of the unity of nature and man,which was especially reflected in their defense of the value principle of“Priority of Righteousness”.From the point of view of the connection between heaven and man,the difference between heaven and man,and the compatibility between heaven and man,they concentrated on the moral metaphysical basis,internal basis and practical basis of“Priority of Righteousness”,demonstrated the moral principle of taking justice as the connotation,neutralization as the foundation,and moral practice as the destination,and highlighted the moral characteristics of Chinese moral culture.

The thought of“Community of Free Individuals”is an important thought in The Communist Manifesto.Engels made a unique contribution to the conformation of this thought.Based on the classical texts,Engels revealed the disordered facts of the bourgeois society from the perspective of social order,expounding the necessity of constructing the“Community of Free Individuals”.He demonstrated the principle of common interests to be followed by the communist society from the perspective of interests,expounding the superiority of the“Community of Free Individuals”.He elaborated the loss of humanity in the bourgeois society from the perspective of the relationship between humanity and freedom,expounding the value of the“Community of Free Individuals”,and put forward the revolutionary road of eliminating capitalist private ownership,overthrowing bourgeois governance and realizing communism from the perspective of social practice,expounding the revolutionary nature of the“Community of Free Individuals”.

Cao Zhi was an important writer in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.His special life experience made his works good at writing melancholy.Cao Zhis works,through the creation and change of images,gave a detailed and touching description of this kind of melancholy,and created works such as Luo Shen Fu and Zeng Baimawang Biao.Cao Zhi skillfully combined this kind of melancholy with image construction,and created a highly generalized image type by means of Bixing.Cao Zhis late poems and Fu also showed a carefree and free mind to get rid of melancholy,thus opening the beginning of Zhengshi literature.

Curfew,as an important culture institution under the ancient traditional farming society,is ostensibly the management of personnel travel,but its core contains the philosophical thought of the harmony of Yin and Yang in ancient Chinese tradition,the concept of time and space and ethical consciousness formed under the farming civilization.The literary writing of curfew is mainly reflected in the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,which vividly reflects the curfew status of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and has unique literary significance and value.

Language is always in a state of constant movement.Since the 21st century,with the development of society,a large number of new words have been produced.These new words present complex and changeable linguistic phenomena in their dynamic development and change.This paper collects and sorts out the list of new words,and combines it with the data of high-frequency words in language monitoring,and obtains 173 high-frequency new words from 2000 to 2020.Through dynamic observation,description and analysis,it draws the development and change track of diachronic word frequency,and explores the development and change of high-frequency new words.

Based on the current policy background of tax reduction and fee reduction in China,this paper studies the impact of long-term tax reduction on local government basic public service expenditure.By selecting provincial panel data from 2011 to 2019,an econometric model is constructed to identify the impact of tax reduction policies on expenditure bias and efficiency of basic public services.The results show that:with the implementation of the tax reduction policy,although the change of the local macro tax rate has no significant impact on the local basic public service expenditure bias,the corresponding expenditure efficiency will show the same trend with the decline of the macro tax rate;This effect will have obvious heterogeneity in different regions,and the more backward the economy is,the more vulnerable the basic public service expenditure behavior is to be affected by the tax reduction policy.In addition,under the financial pressure of tax reduction and expenditure increase in various regions,how to protect local self-owned income and prevent the enthusiasm of local governments to develop local peoples livelihood from being restricted,and how to improve the efficiency of basic public service expenditure should become the focus of the next financial revenue and expenditure management system reform.

Its nearly 100 million rural poor people lifted out of poverty as scheduled,all poor counties got rid of poverty in our country under our countrys current standards in 2020.Financial poverty alleviation stimulated the endogenous motivation of poor households,and played an important role in comprehensively winning the fight against poverty,through the linkage of the government and financial institutions,using the“blood-making”poverty alleviation model.This article builds a performance evaluation system from five perspectives of economy,efficiency,effectiveness,fairness,and sustainability based on the 5E audit,and uses the Analytic Hierarchy Method(AHP)to determine indicator weights.Finally,we test the performance evaluation of financial poverty alleviation funds based on financial discount in H county by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The evaluation conclusions are drawn and improvement suggestions are put forward.

Environmental regulation and green technology innovation are not only the specific manifestations of practicing the new development concept,but also an important path to promote the high-quality development of industry.Firstly,this paper uses EBM-ML index method to calculate the industrial green total factor productivity,and then uses mathematical statistical model to verify the effect of different types of environmental regulation tools on industrial green development and the intermediary effect of green technology innovation.The results show that the green total factor productivity of Chinas industry shows a growth trend during the investigation period,and its main growth source is the outward movement of the frontier of industrial production;the effect of public participation environmental regulation tools on industrial green development is first promoted and then restrained,while administrative orders and market incentive environmental regulation tools inhibit industrial green development;this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests and considering endogenous problems.Further research shows that green technology innovation has a significant intermediary effect in the transmission path of environmental regulation affecting industrial green development,but for different types of regulation tools,the intermediary effect is slightly different.

It is still controversial whether the modern pension mode will replace the traditional family pension mode.Using CGSS2015 data,this paper discusses the influence of social security on the pension responsibility concept of urban and rural youth.The empirical results show that social security has a“system substitution”effect on the traditional concept of providing for the old,that is,social security has changed the concept of providing for the old of young people.Specifically,social security has a“system substitution”effect on cities and a“system supplement”effect on rural areas.Further research finds that the social security system will reduce the worries of urban residents about the risk of old age,enhance the recognition of the pension function of the social security system by enhancing the trust in the government,and thus form a substitution effect on the traditional pension concept.In rural areas,the social security treatment is low,which is not enough to form a substitution effect.Rural youth believe that relying on the assistance of social security,their children will provide more pension returns for themselves,thus forming a supplementary effect on the traditional concept of pension.Therefore,it is very necessary to find out the concept of young peoples pension,improve the level of rural social security,innovate the way of young peoples insurance participation,establish a healthy concept of“having a sense of security for the old,being prepared before becoming old”,and make a good pension development plan.

Curriculum participation is a process index to measure the quality of undergraduate education.Clarifying the composition of curriculum participation and its influencing factors can provide a reference for improving undergraduate curriculum participation.On the basis of combing the existing literature,this paper constructs a composition model of curriculum participation,which includes two dimensions and five elements.The individual participation dimension includes cognitive participation,emotional participation and behavioral participation.The environmental perception dimension includes in curriculum environmental perception and out of curriculum environmental perception.The interaction between various elements and dimensions dynamically reveals the composition mechanism of curriculum participation.Based on the composition model of curriculum participation,the model of influencing factors of curriculum participation is further constructed.Cognitive drive,cognitive load and high-order thinking affect learners cognitive participation;learning satisfaction and learning self-efficacy affect learners emotional participation;notes,discussion and practice affect learners behavioral participation;curriculum resource media,learning atmosphere and learning activities affect learners perception of the environment in the classroom;family environment and social environment affect learners perception of the environment outside the classroom;and the interaction between various influencing factors and dimensions dynamically affects the level of curriculum participation.

The University of Tartu,known as the“Virgin of the Enlightenment of Estonia”,is the first university in Estonia to carry out teacher education.It not only reflects the needs of the countrys initial teacher education development,but also the epitome of the development of initial teacher education curriculum.The value of initial teacher education curriculum construction at University of Tartu has undergone a lifelong evolution from the acquisition of teachers professional identity through skill improvement and the cultivation of solid theoretical foundations from teachers to the realization of teacher professional development.In the construction of initial teacher education curriculum,the curriculum objective of cultivating the comprehensive quality of teacher candidates has been established,the teacher education knowledge has been integrated into the curriculum content relying on the theme,the“reflection-inquiry”teaching strategy has been implemented,the curriculum implementation methods have been optimized and the means of curriculum evaluation have been improved relying on information technology,showing that the curriculum content pays attention to the times,and the curriculum is learner centered.At the same time,it shows the characteristics of the organic integration of curriculum pedigree theory and practice,and the participation of stakeholders in curriculum formulation and implementation.