Rural labor education is a tangible educational activity in the context of rural education,with students as the main body,labor as the means,and the goal of promoting the coordinated development of students bodies and minds.However,rural labor education not only faces common cognitive issues such as concepts and theories,but also individual issues in practical aspects such as environmental construction,content selection,and method use.The most serious issue is the “labor without education” problem that changes the nature and direction of labor education.The theory of situational learning advocates that students experience labor education situations firsthand,in order to promote students to fully interact with labor education situations,fully utilize valuable information in situations,and serve students experiential growth.It has guiding significance for alleviating the understanding and practical problems of rural labor education.Rural schools can take advantage of the low level of constraints and weak competition in exam oriented education,allowing students to have more opportunities to interact with nature and demonstrate physical actions.They can create labor education scenarios that are suitable for students situational learning needs to enhance their personal experience of labor,stimulate students participation in labor education with a macro education perspective,serve the coordinated development of students physical and mental health,alleviate the difficulties of labor education,and improve the quality of labor education while also improve the ecology of rural education.

Rural“hollowing” is a social phenomenon that emerged after the reform and opening up,accompanied by changes in urban-rural relationship,and has its own historical logic and path dependence.In the context of urban-rural relationship,due to different social backgrounds and main driving factors,the development of rural “hollowing” has gone through four different stages:emergence stage,prominence stage,intensification stage,and alleviation and regression stage,Reflecting the following value logic:the result of the interaction between urban and rural livelihood capital,economic factor is the main internal driving force,policy is the important external driving force,and each subsystem demonstrates conductivity.In the context of building the new industry-agriculture and urban-rural relationships and comprehensively implementing the rural revitalization strategy,rural “hollowing”will be surpassed and alleviated to varying degrees.

Since its inception,vocational education has been closely linked to the cultivation of rural craftsmen.In the era of Chinas agrarian civilization of rural society,traditional apprenticeship has always assumed the responsibility for cultivating rural craftsmen.In the era of industrial society,the cultivation of rural craftsmen by modern vocational education was once suspended due to the influence of modernity.Under the background of Chinese cultural revival,craftsmanship revitalization,rural revitalization and modernization of Chinese vocational education,the cultivation of rural craftsmen has been mentioned as an important agenda of modern vocational education.The particularity and cultural attributes of craftsmanship knowledge carried by rural craftsmen make modern vocational education unigue in terms of inheriting traditional and craftsmanship culture,accumulating and innovating craftsmanship skills,cultivating and transforming craftsmanship industries,enhancing the value of craftsmanship education,and developing vocational education with distinctive characteristics.The cultivation of rural craftsmen is also different from the standardized and large-scale cultivation mode of modern professionals,and has its own special prescriptive nature in professional carriers,curriculum development,field construction and community building.

Starting from the introduction of Gao Buyings academic background,this paper examines Gao Buyings practice of interpreting ancient writings one by one,and takes “Selected Works of Ci Fu” and “Selected Works of Literature(Li Zhus Commentary)” as examples to discuss Mr.Gao Buyings contributions to the study of “Selected Works of Literature”.In the final part,based on the above academic practice and Mr.Gao Buyings academic speech,we explore Mr.Gao Buyings views on article studies.These practices and propositions seem to be driven by ones own academic interests,but behind them there lies a certain tragic sentiment of continuing to rise and fall.They spared no effort in compiling ancient texts,summarizing methods,elucidating principles,and making arduous explorations and unremitting pursuits in the field of article studies,in order to do their best to repair the rupture of ancient cultural context.

The description of the scenery and customs of the border regions is an important breakthrough in Tang poetry compared to previous poetry.Before the Tang Dynasty,the focus of frontier writing was narrow,the description was not sufficient, and most of it was conceptualized cognition.The Tang Dynasty had a vast border area,smooth post roads,and a wide range of poets,making the writing of border areas in Tang poetry rich and colorful.Among them,the writing of unfamiliar things achieved unprecedented success,mainly through the use of narrative techniques to fully showcase the scenery and customs of the border areas; Using the center of the Central Plains as a contrast to make the edge color more prominent and easier to express emotions; the description with empathy as the dimension is full of imagination and sympathy.The three methods all have the effect of strengthening the sensory aesthetics,and they also use innovative words rarely seen in the literature of the previous generation on the basis of respecting the rules of etymology,making contributions to the defamiliarization aesthetic of the border writing of Tang poetry.

“Nature” is an important critical concept with core significance in Li Jianwus literary criticism,which includes multi-level meaning implications and multi-dimensional value orientations such as evaluation criteria,subject creation,narrative perspective,aesthetic taste,and natural writing.It runs through the authors multiple analysis and discourse on literary evaluation,creation,and appreciation.Li Jianwus concept of “nature” literary criticism is the application,expansion and innovation of the main meaning,spirit and principle of “nature” criticism of Chinese traditional literature and art,and also selectively absorbs and deepens some connotations of the important “nature” category in western criticism theory.Li Jianwus literary criticism,with its use of the term “nature”,not only gives the reason and basis for the continued existence of traditional natural criticism in the context of modern literary criticism,but also creates a unique and successful example of modern literary natural criticism.

The Tang Dynasty formed a typical form of the accountability system for ancient Chinese judges,with the four-class official system(main master,judge,general judge,and chief)being the representative of the judges responsibility system in the Chinese legal system.The Song Dynasty inherited the system of investigating the responsibility of judges from the previous generation and implemented the system of “Ju”,“Xian”,and “Pan” in state level trials,which incorporated the power balance of trial,prosecution,and judgment into the fourth class official responsibility system.The accountability system for state level judges in the Song Dynasty evolved from a hierarchical system to a link hierarchical system,and the accountability path changed from bottom to top to from front to back.The division based system of accountability for judges created a more complete style and form.The Ming and Qing Dynasties abolished the system of division of court and court,and restored the responsibility system of four-class officials system in the Tang Dynasty.As a result,the Song Dynasty became the historical peak of the accountability system for judges in ancient China.

Although the county tier system in the Song Dynasty was influenced by the Later Zhou Dynasty,it basically originated from the Tang Dynasty.The Song Dynasty ruled the counties within its jurisdiction based on their geographical location,size,and economic status.The tier of the county determined the political and economic status of the county.Although there were still differences in the county tier system between Tang and Song,in terms of the phenomenon of the existence of county tier,the Chi,Cichi,and Gi tier under the jurisdiction of the capital government,both Tang and Song still existed.This situation also had a profound impact on the transition of the county tier system in the Song Dynasty from initially focusing on political factors to real household registration.After the Southern Expedition of the Song Dynasty,the establishment of the county tier of “counties of multiple administrative businesses and multiple criminal incidents” can be seen as the origin of the Ming and Qing Dynasties division of county tier based on multiple administrative businesses, multiple criminal incidents,frequent traffic,and late payment of taxes and grain.

Qian Kun Yan is one of Xiong Shilis representative works in his later years,claiming to be the conclusion of declining years.The logical framework of Qian Kun Yan consists of two parts.The first part is called Differentiation of Counterfeits,and its logical focus is on “breaking”,reflecting Xiong Shilis academic stance of reshaping Confucius and returning to the original and opening up a new era without being limited to the traditional Confucian classics.The second part is called Broad Sense,and its logical focus is on “standing”,that is,using The Book of Changes to unify the Five Classics,criticize the moderately prosperous ethics,and elucidate the inner sages and outer kings,by inheriting and expanding the ideological foundation of the second biography of Qian and Kun in The Book of Changes,innovating the interpretation style of The Book of Changes,and expanding the research direction of the new philosophy of The Book of Changes,and by breaking through the idealistic materialism theory with the vitality of unity and harmony of mind and matter in The Book of Changes to achieve theoretical innovation in the philosophy of The Book of Changes.

The doctrine of Aristotles deduction can be divided into demonstrative deduction and non-demonstrative deduction.The core of the latter is an informal reasoning tool named topoi,which provides a universal guidance for the arguer to construct arguments from endoxa.The maturation of such doctrine contributes to the philosophization of rhetoric and makes up for the shortcomings of demonstrative deduction theory in the filed of practical reasoning and the discovery of first principles.It features prominently in Aristotles logic,rhetoric and epistemology.

“Ox-Herding” is an important metaphor in Buddhism.From the middle Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty,it became a common phrase used by Zen masters to express Zen mind.Ox Herding Pictures and its ode were widely circulated in the Song Dynasty.Among them,Pu Ming and Kuo Ans versions had a profound influence.Their Ox Herding Pictures generated an ideographic system of images with “ox-human” as the core.Black ox evolved into the white,the relationship between ox and people changes from confrontation to “forgetting the other” and “alone in the light”,and then life shows its “original face”;Ox Herding Pictures and their odes construct a unique Ox-Herding-realm,one painting one realm,and the whole creates the final “sunyata state”;“sunyata” turns into Ensō,that is,the “○” symbol.This image means that life is “original nothing”,which is a supreme aesthetic existence;Ox Herding Pictures and its ode and the ideas carried by it have been widely spread in countries such as Japan and Germany,exerting a profound influence in the cross-cultural perspective.

Under the background of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change,digital intelligence technology driving the integration of digital reality becomes a necessary path for high-quality economic development.With the iterative upgrading of digital intelligence technology,economic forms have successively achieved a dynamic evolution process of information economy,internet economy,digital economy,and intelligent economy.This article applies the “techno-economic paradigm” theory to analyze the development experience of major economies in the world,such as the United States,the European Union,and Japan,in promoting digital real integration from four aspects:infrastructure,core industries,emerging industries,and social change. On this basis,the practical path of Chinas digital intelligence technology driving the integration of digital reality is studied from the four dimensions of digitalization of power system,digitalization of factor system,digitalization of industrial system,and digitalization of governance system.In view of this,policy recommendations are put forward to vigorously invest in new infrastructures,comprehensively upgrade the level of digital skills,and continue to deepen the reform of the factor market.

Accurately assessing the current income distribution pattern helps to optimize income distribution relationships and promote common prosperity.This article is based on the principles of political economics,reducing labor remuneration to value for measurement,and conducting research on the changes in the proportion and gap of labor remuneration based on this.The results show that the proportion of labor remuneration in China first decreased and then increased at the turning point of 2005,from 48.91% in 2002 to 44.23% in 2005,and then increased to 53.99% in 2012.From 2012 to 2020,there was a slight fluctuation,with 53.38% in 2020.The Theil index calculated based on the value level of labor remuneration can reflect Chinas labor remuneration gap.The national Theil index decreased from 0.079 3 in 2012 to 0.057 6 in 2017,and the Theil index in various provinces also generally decreased.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the balance of labor remuneration has significantly improved.Among them,the labor remuneration gap within the province is the main component of the overall labor remuneration gap,and the urban-rural consumption structure difference has a trend of convergence on the one hand,and also has a restraining effect on the labor remuneration gap on the other hand.In addition,through econometric analysis,it was found that with the improvement of production efficiency,workers hourly income continued to rise,and the gap in labor remuneration significantly narrowed.This indicates that maintaining wage growth rates not lower than the growth rate of total labor productivity is an important prerequisite for promoting workers to share in the fruits of economic development and gradually achieve common prosperity.

The practice has shown that a large number of village regulations have various types of legality problems,which not only affect the unity of the national legal system,but also may damage the rights and interests of villagers,so it is necessary to strengthen the legality review of them.The legality review of village regulations mainly includes three modes:the autonomous review mode dominated by the village committee;the auxiliary review mode dominated by grassroots justice;the compulsory review mode dominated by the legislators at all levels and the court.In autonomous review,the village committee should carry out the legality review through the whole process of formulating and implementing village regulations through the village residents legal advisors and “legal experts”.In auxiliary review,the grassroots justice should strengthen the record review of village regulations to further eliminate the legality problem.In compulsory review,the legislators at all levels can make legality review of the village regulations by means of review decision or legislative interpretation.In case judgment,on the one hand,the courts at all levels can directly cite the review decisions or legislative interpretations made by the legislators as the basis for judging the legality of the village regulations;on the other hand,the courts can also conduct direct review or “exclusion of validity” in a relatively implicit way for village regulations which are obviously in conflict with the law.The autonomous review and auxiliary review can correct the legality problems in village regulations by means of “flexible error correction”,which is more conducive to the effective realization of villagers autonomy.But from the actual effect of the review,compulsory review can truly safeguard the unity of national legal system.