关键词: 美国, 大学, 化学学科, 崛起, 影响因素

Abstract: It was a critical period that the chemistry discipline of universities in the United States changed its backward status and rose rapidly around the World War II. Through this period, many large scale comprehensive laboratories were established, the academic field was broadened, and numbers of pioneering achievements sprung up. Within twenty years, Germany's position as the center of chemistry discipline had been replaced by the United States. In the process, the intellectual refugees of Germany played an unprecedented role, as did social support and academic leaders. Only by examining the affecting factors of the speedy development of chemistry discipline in America, can we better facilitate the practice of building up top universities and first class disciplines under way.

Key words: America, university, chemistry discipline, rise, affecting factors