Abstract: A hundred years ago,Chinese people with lofty ideals put forward many social transformation plans around the rejuvenation of the nation.Among them,the “Science-Metaphysics Debate”,which is the intersection of Chinese thoughts since 1840,is of great significance in the construction of modern China due to facing the root causes of social malpractices.As the two sides of the “Science-Metaphysics Debate” separated their self-claims from the “materialist view of history”,this made the “Science-Metaphysics Debate” an incomplete ideological enlightenment.With the in-depth spread and development of Marxism,Chinas advanced elements have clarified the road to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation from the dimension of the relationship between “practice subject” and “subject practice”.The clarity of “practice subject” and “subject practice” is the enlightenment of Marxism on Chinas centennial thought and the logical starting point of “Chinese Way”.

Key words: Science-Metaphysics Debate, practice subject, subject practice