Abstract: History has shown that the “consanguinity barrier” desired by the system of fiefdoms is a double-edged sword,which includes the danger of “internal strife”.Although the system of counties has been the basic rule since the Qin Dynasty,there are great difficulties in managing a large empire with a single county system.Therefore,the emergence of “coexistence of two systems” and “synthesis of two systems”,which could maintain centralized rule while taking into account the “affection for ones kin”,became inevitable.The debate over fiefdoms and counties also often involved ethical judgments of “public” or “private”.Despite the different views of the debaters,they have exposed the fact that the monarchs of the past dynasties have always achieved their own “selfishness” in the name of the “public world”.Throughout the history of fiefdoms and counties,it is clear that under the despotism,the only way to have peace between the top and the bottom is to have disparity of power between the ruler and the ministers,while the implementation of fiefdoms is bound to mutual suspicion,confrontation and hatred between the ruler and the ministers.Hence,it is particularly important to deal with the relationship between centralization and decentralization.

Key words: the affection for ones kin, synthesis of two systems, public world, centralization, decentralization