Abstract: At present, the planting industry in our country is in the construction about the coordinated development of “grain-economic-feed” crops ternary structure. The main grain producing areas bear the dual mission about guaranteeing national food security and promoting farmers' income growth. It has important practical significance to adjust and optimize the planting structure in this area. Based on the basic descriptions about the main crop production in Hebei province, it can be found that the provincial planting industry is still dominated by the "grain-economic" binary structure. Then this paper uses the method of comprehensive comparative advantage index to conduct the empirical analysis about the comparative advantages of planting the main grain and economics crops in the province. Compared with the national average level, the computational results show that the former comparative advantage is reflected in the production scale, the latter comparative advantage is embodied in production efficiency, while the domestic competitiveness of two crop productions is not strong overall. Finally, based on the comparative advantages, this paper puts forward the policy suggestion on the adjustment direction of planting structure in Hebei province.

Key words: main grain producing areas, planting industry, comparative advantage, structural adjustment, Hebei Province