河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 107-118.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-6378.2023.06.011

• 哲学研究 • 上一篇    

图像隐喻:禅画《牧牛图》的审美意涵及其跨文化视域

刘桂荣   

  1. 中国艺术研究院 艺术学研究所, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2023-12-26
  • 作者简介:刘桂荣(1972—),女,河北高碑店人,博士,中国艺术研究院艺术学研究所教授、博士生导师,河北大学宋史研究中心研究员,主要研究方向:艺术学理论、中国艺术哲学。
  • 基金资助:
    河北大学宋史研究专项“历史语境与哲学观念:‘大生命’视域下的宋代艺术研究”(2023HSS006)

Image Metaphor:The Aesthetic Connotation of Zen Painting Ox Herding Pictures and Its Cross-cultural Perspective

LIU Guirong   

  1. Institute of Arts, Chinese National Academy of Arts, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2023-04-28 Published:2023-12-26

摘要: “牧牛”是佛教重要的思想譬喻,中唐至宋,成为禅师们表达禅意的常用话头。《牧牛图》及其图颂在宋代广为流播,其中普明和廓庵的版本影响深远,二者的《牧牛图》以“牛—人”为核心生成了图像的表意系统,黑牛演变为白牛,牛人关系由对峙变为“相忘”“独照”,进而生命呈现“本来面目”;《牧牛图》及其图颂建构了独特的牧牛之境,一画一境,并整体生成最终的“空境”;“空”化为圆相,即“○”符号,意味生命之“本来无一物”的本然,此可谓至高的审美存在;《牧牛图》及其图颂与之所承载的思想远播日美德等国家,在跨文化的视域中发挥着深远的影响。

关键词: 牛, 牧牛, 境, 圆相

Abstract: “Ox-Herding” is an important metaphor in Buddhism.From the middle Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty,it became a common phrase used by Zen masters to express Zen mind.Ox Herding Pictures and its ode were widely circulated in the Song Dynasty.Among them,Pu Ming and Kuo Ans versions had a profound influence.Their Ox Herding Pictures generated an ideographic system of images with “ox-human” as the core.Black ox evolved into the white,the relationship between ox and people changes from confrontation to “forgetting the other” and “alone in the light”,and then life shows its “original face”;Ox Herding Pictures and their odes construct a unique Ox-Herding-realm,one painting one realm,and the whole creates the final “sunyata state”;“sunyata” turns into Ensō,that is,the “○” symbol.This image means that life is “original nothing”,which is a supreme aesthetic existence;Ox Herding Pictures and its ode and the ideas carried by it have been widely spread in countries such as Japan and Germany,exerting a profound influence in the cross-cultural perspective.

Key words: ox, ox herding, sunyata, Ensō

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