Abstract: From the beginning of 1960s，Marx’s The Critique Outline of Political Economy has become the focus of international academic research and debate.Research and debate are in three fields:literature，political economics and philosophy.On the research history and current status of the field of philosophy people involve numerous topics，like labor alienation，free time to say，social ontology refinement，traces of Hegels philosophy variously.Compared with the ideological practice of The Critique Outline of Political Economy，the shortcomings of the existing research results are obvious:it does not put forward and explore the philosophical analysis framework in the conscious level.The philosophical analysis framework is the dialectical relationship between the subject，the object and the two. Marx used the philosophical framework of analysis to examine three processes of capitalist production run:the circulation process for the production of surplus value，namely the exchange of monetary capital and labor ability；the production process of surplus value，namely the material transformation between man and nature；the realizing process of the surplus value，namely the exchange phase between commodity capital and monetary.The results show，capitalist political economy nature，class nature and legal nature，science nature and essence of social history one by one are exposed in broad daylight.Overall，the Marx’s The Critique Outline of Political Economy has an irreplaceable value，for our existing academic research paradigm proposes many challenges，and the response to these challenges is our academic responsibility.

Key words: Marx, The Critique Outline of Political Economy, the framework of philosophical analysis