Abstract: National character is a basic attribute of political economy, but it has been ignored or covered up for a long time. The subject, object and purpose of political economy are restricted by the national character. The national character of Chinese economy is formed by history; it is the unity of system and culture and the concentrated embodiment of the realistic economic contradiction. We should build Chinese political economy on the basis of Chinese national economy. Firstly, summarize the economic interests and consciousness of modern Chinese laborers. Secondly, stipulate the primary socialist system. Third, explore the reality of China's economic contradictions and solutions.

Key words: political economy, national character, national economy of China, Chinese political economy