Abstract: There is numerous literature on the methods of Marxist Political Economy, conveying various kinds of miscellaneous viewpoints; however, the method of case analysis has been beyond the horizon. There is no doubt that the method of case study has been employed in the works of Marxist political economy. In terms of nations, the case refers to the Great Britain, the origin of Industrial Revolution, and in terms of social history, the case refers to the typical capitalist mode of production. The method of case study originated in Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, in which two premises play a fundamental part, the establishment of Marx’s proletariat standpoint and the study of political economy. The method of case study continues to work in 1844 Economic Philosophic Manuscripts, and then came into being in German Ideology. In the following research of political economy, Marx employed this method to analyze the typical British mode of capitalist production, leading to the masterpiece On Capital, a rationalization of case analysis, that is, “What the more developed industrial country reveals to the less developed country is the future of the latter.”

Key words: Marx, case analysis, the Great Britain, Great Industry, capital mode of production