Abstract: One month after the collapse of Yashan in the Southern Song Dynasty,the Yuan Army was still resisted by the soldiers of Song Dynasty in many places,and in Nanan,Jiangxi Province,a fierce battle also took place.As a result of fierce resistance,all kinds of local records showed that they were brutally slaughtered,and Songshiyi was quoted as such.On the other hand,Yuan History recorded that “no one was slaughtered”.According to such contrary records,which is right or wrong? Tracing back to the historical source,the records of Yuan History are taken from a tombstone written by Yao Sui.This massacre that did happen has been made without trace in this tombstone.Since Yao Sui was a great writer in the literary world of Yuan Dynasty,his tombstones records were also highly trusted.Reversing the facts is not true to history.In addition to being misled by the fable materials,benevolence is the subjective motivation to stop fighting or rewrite the history for Yao Su.In any case,the rewritten facts entered the mainstream historical records,which had a great impact on later generations.The Ming and Qing Dynasty documents and several newly revised Yuan history followed this theory.This case triggered the thinking of how to pursue the historical truth at the time of research,and the vigilance of the inscriptions and the attention to the historical materials of the other chronicles were also prompted again.

Key words: Yao Sui, tombstone, Yuan History, local records, historical truth